Importing and Cleaning Data in MATLAB: A Practical Starter Workflow
Before analysis comes preparation. A reliable MATLAB data cleaning routine turns raw measurements into data you can trust. This starter workflow uses built-in functions that are available in current MATLAB versions.
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Step 1: Import the data
Use the readtable function to load Excel or CSV files into a table. Tables keep column names, so your code stays readable. Check the result with head, summary and size.
Step 2: Inspect and fix types
Confirm that dates, numbers and categories imported correctly. Convert text columns to datetime or categorical types where appropriate.
Step 3: Deal with missing values
Use ismissing to find them, rmmissing to remove rows, or fillmissing to interpolate or fill. Decide based on how the data was collected, and record the choice.
Step 4: Detect outliers
isoutlier flags unusual values. Plot the data first, since an outlier may be a real event rather than an error.
Step 5: Smooth or resample if needed
smoothdata reduces noise, and retime can change the sampling interval of timetable data. Keep a copy of the raw values for comparison.
Step 6: Save the clean data
Use writetable to export to Excel or CSV, or save to store a MAT-file for later analysis.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
- Filling missing data without recording the method
- Treating every outlier as an error
- Overwriting the raw data table
- Ignoring data types after import
Frequently Asked Questions
What does readtable do?
It loads data from files such as Excel or CSV into a MATLAB table with named columns.
How do I handle missing values?
Detect them with ismissing, then remove with rmmissing or fill with fillmissing, depending on your data and goals.
How can I save the cleaned data?
Use writetable for Excel or CSV output, or save to a MAT-file to reload quickly in MATLAB.
Conclusion
A consistent cleaning script makes every later step easier and more trustworthy. For help building MATLAB workflows for your data, contact me using the details below.
Related topics: MATLAB data cleaning, readtable, import Excel data in MATLAB, fillmissing, MATLAB tables
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